SCERT Kerala lessons

ORIGINAL STUDY COMPANION PADIKAM CLASS 11 | HUMANITIES Introducing Sociology and Understanding Society Kerala SCERT / prescribed NCERT core lessons 10 chapter lessons Quick explanations, core points, exam practice and chapter-specific notation in one consistent format. Padikam explanations are independently written. Official textbooks are used as the coverage map, chapter sequence and terminology reference. PADIKAM | KERALA CLASS 11 1

Contents 01 Sociology and Society 02 Terms, Concepts and Their Use in Sociology 03 Understanding Social Institutions 04 Culture and Socialisation 05 Doing Sociology: Research Methods 06 Social Structure, Stratification and Social Processes 07 Social Change and Social Order in Rural and Urban Society 08 Environment and Society 09 Introducing Western Sociologists 10 Indian Sociologists Study rhythm Read the quick explanation, recall the core points aloud, then answer the prompts without looking back. Use the official textbook links for full prescribed readings, activities and diagrams. Textbook and verification links

1. https://scert.kerala.gov.in/
2. https://samagra.kite.kerala.gov.in/
3. https://www.hsslive.in/2018/06/hss-plus-one-plus-two-text-book.html
4. https://ncert.nic.in/textbook.php PADIKAM | KERALA CLASS 11 2

CHAPTER 01 Sociology and Society Quick understanding Develop a sociological imagination that connects personal experience with social structure and historical context. Core points Check your learning Common sense is useful but often untested and Turn a personal issue into a sociological partial. question. Sociology studies patterned relationships, institutions Compare sociological and common- and change. sense explanations. Individual choice operates within opportunities and constraints. One-line recall Common sense is useful but often untested and partial. PADIKAM | KERALA CLASS 11 3

CHAPTER 02 Terms, Concepts and Their Use in Sociology Quick understanding Use concepts such as social group, status, role, norm, sanction and stratification precisely. Core points Check your learning Primary and secondary groups differ in intimacy and Apply five concepts to a school situation. purpose. Explain role conflict and status Status is a position; role is expected behaviour inconsistency. attached to it. Social control operates through formal and informal sanctions. One-line recall Primary and secondary groups differ in intimacy and purpose. PADIKAM | KERALA CLASS 11 4

CHAPTER 03 Understanding Social Institutions Quick understanding Study family, marriage, kinship, economy, polity, religion and education as durable arrangements of social life. Core points Check your learning Institutions organise recurring needs through rules Compare two forms of family or and roles. marriage. Their forms vary across societies and time. Analyse one institution for both function and inequality. Institutions can provide order while reproducing inequality. One-line recall Institutions organise recurring needs through rules and roles. PADIKAM | KERALA CLASS 11 5

CHAPTER 04 Culture and Socialisation Quick understanding Explain how people learn language, values and identity within diverse cultural worlds. Core points Check your learning Culture includes material and non-material elements. Map agents of socialisation across the life course. Socialisation continues through family, peers, school, media and work. Distinguish cultural diversity from cultural hierarchy. Ethnocentrism judges other cultures by one's own standards. One-line recall Culture includes material and non-material elements. PADIKAM | KERALA CLASS 11 6

CHAPTER 05 Doing Sociology: Research Methods Quick understanding Plan ethical social research using questions, concepts, evidence and methods. Core points Check your learning Surveys offer breadth; observation and interviews Choose a method for a research provide depth. question. Sampling, wording and researcher position influence Draft an ethical mini-study and sampling findings. plan. Consent, privacy and avoidance of harm are essential. One-line recall Surveys offer breadth; observation and interviews provide depth. PADIKAM | KERALA CLASS 11 7

CHAPTER 06 Social Structure, Stratification and Social Processes Quick understanding Connect enduring inequalities with cooperation, competition, conflict, accommodation and change. Core points Check your learning Stratification ranks groups and distributes resources Analyse a case using two dimensions of unequally. stratification. Caste, class, gender and race can intersect. Distinguish competition, conflict and cooperation. Social processes may integrate society or expose conflict. One-line recall Stratification ranks groups and distributes resources unequally. PADIKAM | KERALA CLASS 11 8

CHAPTER 07 Social Change and Social Order in Rural and Urban Society Quick understanding Compare continuity and transformation in villages, towns and cities. Core points Check your learning Industrialisation, urbanisation and migration Trace one rural-urban linkage. reorganise work and community. Explain how rapid change can create Social order is maintained through consent, norms, conflict and new opportunity. institutions and sometimes force. Rural and urban are connected, not sealed opposites. One-line recall Industrialisation, urbanisation and migration reorganise work and community. PADIKAM | KERALA CLASS 11 9

CHAPTER 08 Environment and Society Quick understanding Study the two-way relationship between social organisation and the natural environment. Core points Check your learning Environmental problems are also questions of power Analyse who gains and loses in a and distribution. resource conflict. Different groups contribute to and suffer from Design a socially just environmental degradation unequally. response. Sustainable solutions combine knowledge, participation and fair institutions. One-line recall Environmental problems are also questions of power and distribution. PADIKAM | KERALA CLASS 11 10

CHAPTER 09 Introducing Western Sociologists Quick understanding Use Marx, Durkheim and Weber to compare accounts of modern society, solidarity, class, capitalism and authority. Core points Check your learning Marx emphasised class relations and production. Compare two thinkers on modern change. Durkheim studied social facts and forms of solidarity. Apply class, solidarity or authority to a Weber analysed meaningful action, authority and current institution. rationalisation. One-line recall Marx emphasised class relations and production. PADIKAM | KERALA CLASS 11 11

CHAPTER 10 Indian Sociologists Quick understanding Explore how Indian thinkers studied caste, village, tribe, tradition, modernity and social change. Core points Check your learning G.S. Ghurye examined caste and culture. Compare two Indian sociologists. D.P. Mukerji stressed tradition and historical Use Sanskritisation or dominant caste specificity. carefully in a case. A.R. Desai used Marxist analysis; M.N. Srinivas developed field-based concepts. One-line recall G.S. Ghurye examined caste and culture. PADIKAM | KERALA CLASS 11 12